- Title
- Mechanistic and structural investigation of LiₓMnO₂ cathodes during cycling in Li-ion batteries
- Creator
- Dose, Wesley M.; Sharma, Neeraj; Donne, Scott W.
- Relation
- Electrochimica Acta Vol. 137, p. 736-743
- Publisher Link
- http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.electacta.2014.06.059
- Publisher
- Pergamon Press
- Resource Type
- journal article
- Date
- 2014
- Description
- Increasingly there is demand for clean energy sources and suitable batteries to store this energy. Manganese dioxide and lithiated variants are a promising alternative to conventional Li-ion cathodes due to their cost, abundance, safety and electrochemical performance. Cathodes which operate by a single-phase lithium insertion/extraction process can offer some intrinsic advantages over those with two-phase processes. In this work, in-situ and ex-situ synchrotron X-ray diffraction (XRD) is used to investigate the structural evolution and lithium insertion/extraction mechanism of various LiₓMnO₂ cathodes that have been derived from γ-MnO₂. Li0.30MnO₂ is found to cycle solely with a single-phase mechanism, in contrast to previous literature reports, with only subtle changes in the crystal structure. However, a better cycling discharge capacity is realised through a two-step lithiation synthesis, thermally lithiated Li0.08MnO₂ which is then electrochemically lithiated to Li0.33MnO₂. After an irreversible two-phase reaction early in the first discharge, this material cycles by a single-phase reaction with good structural reversibility and a stable unoptimised cycling capacity of 120 mAh/g. Comparing cathodes using a combination of in-situ and ex-situ synchrotron XRD data allows us to rationalise cathodic performance with structure and thereby directing research into promising candidates.
- Subject
- clean energy sources; discharge capacity; cycling capacity; batteries
- Identifier
- http://hdl.handle.net/1959.13/1304157
- Identifier
- uon:20810
- Identifier
- ISSN:0013-4686
- Language
- eng
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